Leia o texto para responder às questões de 24 a 30 When does the brain work best? The peak times and ages for learning What’s your i...
Leia o texto para responder às questões de 24 a 30
What’s your ideal time of the day for brain performance? Surprisingly, the answer to this isn’t as simple as being a morning or a night person. New research has shown that certain times of the day are best for completing specific tasks, and listening to your body’s natural clock may help you to accomplish more in 24 hours.
Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak productivity is late morning. Our body temperatures start to rise just before we wake up in the morning and continue to increase through midday, Steve Kay, a professor of molecular and computational biology at the University of Southern California told The Wall Street Journal. This gradual increase in body temperature means that our working memory, alertness, and concentration also gradually improve, peaking at about mid morning. Our alertness tends to dip after this point, but one study suggested that midday fatigue may actually boost our creative abilities. For a 2011 study, 428 students were asked to solve a series of two types of problems, requiring either analytical or novel thinking. Results showed that their performance on the second type was best at non-peak times of day when they were tired.
As for the age where our brains are at peak condition, science has long held that fluid intelligence, or the ability to think quickly and recall information, peaks at around age 20. However, a 2015 study revealed that peak brain age is far more complicated than previously believed and concluded that there are about 30 subsets of intelligence, all of which peak at different ages for different people. For example, the study found that raw speed in processing information appears to peak around age 18 or 19, then immediately starts to decline, but short-term memory continues to improve until around age 25, and then begins to drop around age 35, Medical Xpress reported. The ability to evaluate other people’s emotional states peaked much later, in the 40s or 50s. In addition, the study suggested that out our vocabulary may peak as late as our 60s’s or 70’s.
Still, while working according to your body’s natural clock may sound helpful, it’s important to remember that these times may differ from person to person. On average, people can be divided into two distinct groups: morning people tend to wake up and go to sleep earlier and to be most productive early in the day. Evening people tend to wake up later, start more slowly and peak in the evening. If being a morning or evening person has been working for you the majority of your life, it may be best to not fix what’s not broken.
UNESP 2017: Questão 24
According to the first and second paragraphs, the brain performance peaks in late morning because
A) body temperature gets higher at this time of the day.
B) specific tasks stimulate the brain.
C) most people wake up quite early.
D) it’s easier to solve problems in the morning than at midday.
E) human natural rhythm reaches a steady level.
Resolução:
De acordo com o primeiro e segundo parágrafos, o desempenho do cérebro atinge seu nível máximo no final da manhã porque a temperatura do corpo se eleva nesse período do dia.
No texto:
“Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak productivity is late morning. Our body temperatures start to rise just before we wake up in the morning and continue to increase through midday”.
Resposta:
A) body temperature gets higher at this time of the day.
UNESP 2017: Questão 25
According to the second paragraph, the 2011 study showed that
A) both analytical and novel thinking were better accomplished before midday.
B) most people feel a midday fatigue.
C) alertness quickly decreases after the brain peaks.
D) most of the 428 students felt tired early in the morning.
E) novel thinking was better when the brain was at non-peak times.
Resolução:
De acordo com o texto, o estudo de 2011 mostrou que o pensamento inovador era melhor quando o cérebro estava nos momentos de seu nível máximo.
Resposta:
UNESP 2017: Questão 26
De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo, o estudo de 2015
A) confirma que o vocabulário das pessoas se desenvolve até cerca dos 60 anos de idade.
B) infere que o processo de elaboração da inteligência emocional dura a vida toda.
C) contradiz a ideia de que a inteligência fluida atinge o ápice por volta dos 20 anos de idade.
D) mostra que a velocidade de processamento de informações no cérebro atinge o máximo dos 25 aos 35 anos.
E) demonstra que vários tipos de inteligência se desenvolvem aos 30 anos de idade.
Resolução:
No texto:
“As for the age where our brains are at peak condition, science has long held that fluid intelligence, or the ability to think quickly and recall information, peaks at around age 20. However, a 2015 study revealed that peak brain age is far more complicated than previously believed and concluded that there are about 30 subsets of intelligence, all of which peak at different ages for different people.”
Resposta:
A) although.
B) nevertheless.
C) inasmuch.
D) meanwhile.
E) whatever.
Resolução:
*However = nevertheless (entretanto, todavia)
a) embora
c) contanto que
d) enquanto isso
e) o que quer que
Resposta:
UNESP 2017: Questão 28
As informações apresentadas no quarto parágrafo
A) indicam que o grupo das pessoas que acordam cedo tem melhor desempenho no trabalho.
B) alertam que as pessoas com hábitos noturnos podem ter dificuldades de adaptação às atividades criativas.
C) afirmam que quem acorda tarde, geralmente, tem raciocínio lento.
D) relativizam o estudo que afirma que o final da manhã é o melhor período para a atividade cerebral.
E) revelam que, mesmo considerando as diferenças individuais, há dois tipos de raciocínio analítico.
Resolução:
No início do texto, afirma-se que o final da manhã é o período mais produtivo para a atividade cerebral, no entanto, no quarto parágrafo afirma-se que há dois grupos distintos de pessoas: os que produzem mais pela manhã e os que atingem seu máximo durante a noite.
No texto:
“Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak produtivity is late morning”. “On average, people can be divided into two distinct groups: morning people tend to wake up and go to sleep earlier and to be most productive early in the day. Evening people tend to wake up later, start more slowly and peak in the evening”.
Resposta:
UNESP 2017: Questão 29
No trecho do quarto parágrafo "while working according to your body’s natural clock", o termo em destaque tem sentido, em português, de
A) quando.
B) durante.
C) sobretudo.
D) mesmo que.
E) devido a.
Resolução:
O termo “while”, neste contexto, equivale a mesmo que.
Resposta:
UNESP 2017: Questão 30
O trecho do quarto parágrafo "it may be best to not fix what's not broken" equivale, em português, à seguinte ideia:
A) é melhor prevenir do que remediar.
B) vaso ruim não quebra.
C) uma vez quebrado, não adianta consertar.
D) se não tem solução, solucionado está.
E) não se mexe em time que está ganhando.
Resolução:
O trecho “it may be best to not fix what’s not broken” pode ser interpretado como “não se mexe em time que está ganhando”.
*to fix = consertar
* broken = quebrado
Resposta:
Próxima questão:
- Questão 31 - O mapa do Império Romano na época de Augusto (27 a.C.–14 d.C.) demonstra.
Questão anterior:
- Questão 21, Questão 22 e Questão 23 - Examine a tira para responder às questões de 21 a 23.
When does the brain work best?
The peak times and ages for learning
Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak productivity is late morning. Our body temperatures start to rise just before we wake up in the morning and continue to increase through midday, Steve Kay, a professor of molecular and computational biology at the University of Southern California told The Wall Street Journal. This gradual increase in body temperature means that our working memory, alertness, and concentration also gradually improve, peaking at about mid morning. Our alertness tends to dip after this point, but one study suggested that midday fatigue may actually boost our creative abilities. For a 2011 study, 428 students were asked to solve a series of two types of problems, requiring either analytical or novel thinking. Results showed that their performance on the second type was best at non-peak times of day when they were tired.
As for the age where our brains are at peak condition, science has long held that fluid intelligence, or the ability to think quickly and recall information, peaks at around age 20. However, a 2015 study revealed that peak brain age is far more complicated than previously believed and concluded that there are about 30 subsets of intelligence, all of which peak at different ages for different people. For example, the study found that raw speed in processing information appears to peak around age 18 or 19, then immediately starts to decline, but short-term memory continues to improve until around age 25, and then begins to drop around age 35, Medical Xpress reported. The ability to evaluate other people’s emotional states peaked much later, in the 40s or 50s. In addition, the study suggested that out our vocabulary may peak as late as our 60s’s or 70’s.
Still, while working according to your body’s natural clock may sound helpful, it’s important to remember that these times may differ from person to person. On average, people can be divided into two distinct groups: morning people tend to wake up and go to sleep earlier and to be most productive early in the day. Evening people tend to wake up later, start more slowly and peak in the evening. If being a morning or evening person has been working for you the majority of your life, it may be best to not fix what’s not broken.
(Dana Dovey. www.medicaldaily.com, 08.08.2016. Adaptado.)
UNESP 2017: Questão 24
According to the first and second paragraphs, the brain performance peaks in late morning because
A) body temperature gets higher at this time of the day.
B) specific tasks stimulate the brain.
C) most people wake up quite early.
D) it’s easier to solve problems in the morning than at midday.
E) human natural rhythm reaches a steady level.
Resolução:
De acordo com o primeiro e segundo parágrafos, o desempenho do cérebro atinge seu nível máximo no final da manhã porque a temperatura do corpo se eleva nesse período do dia.
No texto:
“Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak productivity is late morning. Our body temperatures start to rise just before we wake up in the morning and continue to increase through midday”.
Resposta:
A) body temperature gets higher at this time of the day.
UNESP 2017: Questão 25
According to the second paragraph, the 2011 study showed that
A) both analytical and novel thinking were better accomplished before midday.
B) most people feel a midday fatigue.
C) alertness quickly decreases after the brain peaks.
D) most of the 428 students felt tired early in the morning.
E) novel thinking was better when the brain was at non-peak times.
Resolução:
De acordo com o texto, o estudo de 2011 mostrou que o pensamento inovador era melhor quando o cérebro estava nos momentos de seu nível máximo.
Resposta:
E) novel thinking was better when the brain was at non-peak times.
UNESP 2017: Questão 26
De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo, o estudo de 2015
A) confirma que o vocabulário das pessoas se desenvolve até cerca dos 60 anos de idade.
B) infere que o processo de elaboração da inteligência emocional dura a vida toda.
C) contradiz a ideia de que a inteligência fluida atinge o ápice por volta dos 20 anos de idade.
D) mostra que a velocidade de processamento de informações no cérebro atinge o máximo dos 25 aos 35 anos.
E) demonstra que vários tipos de inteligência se desenvolvem aos 30 anos de idade.
Resolução:
No texto:
“As for the age where our brains are at peak condition, science has long held that fluid intelligence, or the ability to think quickly and recall information, peaks at around age 20. However, a 2015 study revealed that peak brain age is far more complicated than previously believed and concluded that there are about 30 subsets of intelligence, all of which peak at different ages for different people.”
Resposta:
C) contradiz a ideia de que a inteligência fluida atinge o ápice por volta dos 20 anos de idade.
UNESP 2017: Questão 27
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo "However, a 2015 study revealed", o termo em destaque pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por
A) although.
B) nevertheless.
C) inasmuch.
D) meanwhile.
E) whatever.
Resolução:
*However = nevertheless (entretanto, todavia)
a) embora
c) contanto que
d) enquanto isso
e) o que quer que
Resposta:
B) nevertheless.
UNESP 2017: Questão 28
As informações apresentadas no quarto parágrafo
A) indicam que o grupo das pessoas que acordam cedo tem melhor desempenho no trabalho.
B) alertam que as pessoas com hábitos noturnos podem ter dificuldades de adaptação às atividades criativas.
C) afirmam que quem acorda tarde, geralmente, tem raciocínio lento.
D) relativizam o estudo que afirma que o final da manhã é o melhor período para a atividade cerebral.
E) revelam que, mesmo considerando as diferenças individuais, há dois tipos de raciocínio analítico.
Resolução:
No início do texto, afirma-se que o final da manhã é o período mais produtivo para a atividade cerebral, no entanto, no quarto parágrafo afirma-se que há dois grupos distintos de pessoas: os que produzem mais pela manhã e os que atingem seu máximo durante a noite.
No texto:
“Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak produtivity is late morning”. “On average, people can be divided into two distinct groups: morning people tend to wake up and go to sleep earlier and to be most productive early in the day. Evening people tend to wake up later, start more slowly and peak in the evening”.
Resposta:
D) relativizam o estudo que afirma que o final da manhã é o melhor período para a atividade cerebral.
UNESP 2017: Questão 29
No trecho do quarto parágrafo "while working according to your body’s natural clock", o termo em destaque tem sentido, em português, de
A) quando.
B) durante.
C) sobretudo.
D) mesmo que.
E) devido a.
Resolução:
O termo “while”, neste contexto, equivale a mesmo que.
Resposta:
D) mesmo que.
UNESP 2017: Questão 30
O trecho do quarto parágrafo "it may be best to not fix what's not broken" equivale, em português, à seguinte ideia:
A) é melhor prevenir do que remediar.
B) vaso ruim não quebra.
C) uma vez quebrado, não adianta consertar.
D) se não tem solução, solucionado está.
E) não se mexe em time que está ganhando.
Resolução:
O trecho “it may be best to not fix what’s not broken” pode ser interpretado como “não se mexe em time que está ganhando”.
*to fix = consertar
* broken = quebrado
Resposta:
E) não se mexe em time que está ganhando.
Próxima questão:
- Questão 31 - O mapa do Império Romano na época de Augusto (27 a.C.–14 d.C.) demonstra.
Questão anterior:
- Questão 21, Questão 22 e Questão 23 - Examine a tira para responder às questões de 21 a 23.
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