UNESP - 2018/2 - 1ª fase - Leia o texto para responder às questões de 25 a 30. When it comes to politics and ‘fake news,’ facts aren’t ...
UNESP - 2018/2 - 1ª fase - Leia o texto para responder às questões de 25 a 30.
In today’s political climate, it sometimes feels like we can’t even agree on basic facts. We bombard each other with statistics and figures, hoping that more data will make a difference. A progressive person might show you the same climate change graphs over and over while a conservative person might point to the trillions of dollars of growing national debt. We’re left wondering, “Why can’t they just see? It’s so obvious!”
Certain myths are so pervasive that no matter how many experts disprove them, they only seem to grow in popularity. There’s no shortage of serious studies showing no link between autism and vaccines, for example, but these are no match for an emotional appeal to parents worried for their young children.
Tali Sharot, a cognitive neuroscientist at University College London, studies how our minds work and how we process new information. In her upcoming book, The Influential Mind, she explores why we ignore facts and how we can get people to actually listen to the truth. Tali shows that we’re open to new information – but only if it confirms our existing beliefs. We find ways to ignore facts that challenge our ideals. And as neuroscientist Bahador Bahrami and colleagues have found, we weigh all opinions as equally valid, regardless of expertise.
Questão anterior:
- Leia os cartuns 1 e 2 para responder às questões de 21 a 24.
Resolução (Objetivo):
O verbo modal may tem como sinônimo can (= poder), indicando uma possibilidade.
Resposta:
(C) can.
Próxima questão:
- Ciências Humanas
- O aparecimento da filosofia na Grécia não foi um fato isolado. Estava ligado ao nascimento da pólis.
When it comes to politics and ‘fake news,’
facts aren’t enough
In today’s political climate, it sometimes feels like we can’t even agree on basic facts. We bombard each other with statistics and figures, hoping that more data will make a difference. A progressive person might show you the same climate change graphs over and over while a conservative person might point to the trillions of dollars of growing national debt. We’re left wondering, “Why can’t they just see? It’s so obvious!”
Certain myths are so pervasive that no matter how many experts disprove them, they only seem to grow in popularity. There’s no shortage of serious studies showing no link between autism and vaccines, for example, but these are no match for an emotional appeal to parents worried for their young children.
Tali Sharot, a cognitive neuroscientist at University College London, studies how our minds work and how we process new information. In her upcoming book, The Influential Mind, she explores why we ignore facts and how we can get people to actually listen to the truth. Tali shows that we’re open to new information – but only if it confirms our existing beliefs. We find ways to ignore facts that challenge our ideals. And as neuroscientist Bahador Bahrami and colleagues have found, we weigh all opinions as equally valid, regardless of expertise.
So, having the data on your side is not always enough. For better or for worse, Sharot says, emotions may be the key to changing minds.
(Shankar Vedantam. www.npr.org. Adaptado.)
QUESTÃO 25
De acordo com o texto, as pessoas
(A) tendem a descartar fatos que conflitam com suas crenças.
(B) são propensas a rejeitar quaisquer informações novas.
(C) valorizam as opiniões de especialistas em um determinado assunto.
(D) acreditam em fatos embasados em estatísticas e números.
(E) estão cada vez mais dispostas a inventar conteúdo para ganhar dinheiro fácil.
Resolução:
Lê-se a informação no seguinte trecho:
In her upcoming book, The Influential Mind, she explores why we ignore facts and how we can get people to actually listen to the truth. Tali shows that we’re open to new information – but only if it confirms our existing beliefs.
In her upcoming book, The Influential Mind, she explores why we ignore facts and how we can get people to actually listen to the truth. Tali shows that we’re open to new information – but only if it confirms our existing beliefs.
Resposta:
(A) tendem a descartar fatos que conflitam com suas crenças.
QUESTÃO 26
No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “A progressive person might show you the same climate change graphs over and over while a conservative person might point to the trillions of dollars of growing national debt”, o termo sublinhado indica sentido de
(A) alternativa.
(B) tempo.
(C) consequência.
(D) preferência.
(E) contraste.
Resolução:
*While = enquanto que. Indica sentido de contraste.
Resposta:
(E) contraste.
QUESTÃO 27
According to the second paragraph, the link between vaccines and autism
(A) is accepted by both parents and experts.
(B) is a true fact that worries most experts.
(C) has been established by recent studies.
(D) is a myth many people believe in.
(E) has been shown in many young children.
Resolução:
De acordo com o segundo parágrafo, o elo entre vacinas e autismo é um mito no qual muitas pessoas acreditam.
Lemos no texto:
Certain myths are so pervasive that no matter how many experts disprove them, they only seem to grow in popularity. There’s no shortage of serious studies showing no link between autism and vaccines, for example, but these are no match for an emotional appeal to parents worried for their young children.
Lemos no texto:
Certain myths are so pervasive that no matter how many experts disprove them, they only seem to grow in popularity. There’s no shortage of serious studies showing no link between autism and vaccines, for example, but these are no match for an emotional appeal to parents worried for their young children.
Resposta:
(D) is a myth many people believe in.
QUESTÃO 28
No trecho do segundo parágrafo “but these are no match for an emotional appeal to parents worried for their young children”, o termo sublinhado refere-se a
(A) “experts”.
(B) “studies”.
(C) “autism and vaccines”.
(D) “parents”.
(E) “myths”.
Resolução:
O termo these refere-se a studies (“there’s no shortage of serious studies showing no link between autism and vaccines, for example, but these are no match for an emotional appeal to parents worried for their young children.”
Resposta:
(B) “studies”.
QUESTÃO 29
O trecho do terceiro parágrafo “we weigh all opinions as equally valid, regardless of expertise” quer dizer que as pessoas
(A) não diferenciam opiniões de leigos das de especialistas.
(B) não percebem a ideologia por trás das opiniões.
(C) não conseguem avaliar posições contraditórias.
(D) mudam de ideia com facilidade.
(E) aceitam a opinião da maioria como válida.
Resolução:
O trecho do terceiro parágrafo “julgamos todas as opiniões como igualmente válidas, independentemente do conhecimento (experiência)” quer dizer que as pessoas não diferenciam opiniões de leigos das de especialistas.
Resposta:
(A) não diferenciam opiniões de leigos das de especialistas.
QUESTÃO 30
No trecho do quarto parágrafo “emotions may be the key to changing minds”, o termo sublinhado pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido no texto, por:
(A) must.
(B) has to.
(C) can.
(D) used to.
(E) will.
Questão anterior:
- Leia os cartuns 1 e 2 para responder às questões de 21 a 24.
Resolução (Objetivo):
O verbo modal may tem como sinônimo can (= poder), indicando uma possibilidade.
(C) can.
Próxima questão:
- Ciências Humanas
- O aparecimento da filosofia na Grécia não foi um fato isolado. Estava ligado ao nascimento da pólis.
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